English to Malay Dictionary patronage

patronage

naungan
definition
noun
the arts could no longer depend on private patronage
the support given by a patron.
recruits are selected on merit, not through political patronage
the power to control appointments to office or the right to privileges.
example
That's a tall order, especially without the kind of 'patronage' the possibility of power provides.
the arts could no longer depend on private 'patronage'
He or she will also have considerable 'patronage' in making appointments to groups, including the police authority.
Even though royalty no longer holds the power of life and death, they still hold the power of 'patronage' .
The artists can get their funding the old fashioned way… through private 'patronage' .
Still, while many downtown galleries are challenged by their isolation, they still manage to attract a healthy 'patronage' .
If he could not succeed himself, his whole political framework of support and 'patronage' would be interrupted.
Of course, philanthropy and 'patronage' have always played a primary role under capitalism, and even earlier.
In return for common contributions, the subjects of all the kingdoms should have equal access to offices and 'patronage' .
The aim is to encourage 'patronage' , so that access is improved and road congestion and environmental impacts are reduced.
At the same time its 'patronage' and its power were greatly extended.
But like all service industries, whether subsidised or not, its ultimate survival depends on 'patronage' .
Two decisions, both reeking of political 'patronage' , were most important in influencing the control of Australia's media.
The Transport Secretary also claimed there had been substantial increases in bus 'patronage' , including in Leeds.
Loyalty programmes work on the basis of providing rewards to customers in return for their continuing 'patronage' .
This belief was most evident in his use of royal 'patronage' and in his appointments of councillors.
A picket outside the casino earlier this month attracted about 80 people and resulted in a loss of 'patronage' .
Both encourage government 'patronage' of the arts.
A cynical politician who believed in the power of 'patronage' , he knew almost everyone of importance in Scotland and how to appeal to their self-interest.
Exploration, however, depended upon private 'patronage' despite theorists imploring that maritime expansionism should be state-sponsored.
Many restaurants were reluctant to participate in this study, believing it might interfere with customer 'patronage' or employee service.
Casters and carvers depended on commercial 'patronage' .
In the past the civil service was used as an employment office for political 'patronage' .
The social respectability of science attracted the 'patronage' of wealthy and influential figures.
Public transport 'patronage' in Sydney and Melbourne more than quintupled between 1890 and 1930 but slumped in the 1930s.
At the time we were aboard, there was a small but well selected book collection, which included children's books, that attracted considerable 'patronage' .
Private 'patronage' was scarce and was dominated by expatriates and a small bourgeoisie.
the restaurant has the continuing 'patronage' of the locals
It enjoyed no government funding and no guarantee of private 'patronage' .
Immigration has enriched the range of restaurants, and restaurant 'patronage' is rising.
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